Tuesday, 24 November 2009

Sound Effects [SoundFX, SFX]

As I am the Assistant Sound Editor of my Media Studies Group.  I will inform you more about Sound Effects in general and the conventions of sound effects in Thrillers.
Thriller Sound Effect Conventions:
REPETITIVE [UNTIL A STORY-CHANGING EVENT]
ECHOING [I.E. INTO THE DISTANCE - DEPTH/SHALLOWNESS OF A ROOM] - REVERBERATING
WHISTLING WIND [I.E. THROUGH TREES]
FAINT [FADED/BLURRED/OBSCURE]
FOLLOWS THE CHARACTERS' MOVEMENTS [I.E. RUNNING AWAY FROM VILLAIN - FAST PACED

I found a few websites that had a great variety of sound effects, including different categories like; animals, buttons/clicks and rollovers, creatures and monsters, natural ambience, vehicles, sports & much more!

These websites allow us, Media Study students to re-create noises, that we could not necesserally make during the shooting of our opening sequence, for example, if a scream isnt heard, we can always replace it with a more professional sounding one.

Sunday, 22 November 2009

Thriller Title Research


Undisclosed Desires
Is the title of our Thriller.

We chose this name because based on my research of Thriller titles, I came up with the theory that all the director's and writer's have limited their vocabulary by only one or two words with a maximum of 4 syllables.
For example:
¹Clo-²ver-³field
¹The-²Vill-³age
¹Si-²lent-³Hill
¹The-²Happ-³ening
¹The ²Stran-³gers

Along with what I had said earlier, in order to have done my title designs for the far future, I would have have to analyse other film covers in order to get the same outcome, a scared but thrilled audience after having watched our film [although it only lasts approximatelly two minutes].  My research is on the text, foreground and background of film covers.

 
The text used on the cover of a VHS Tape box or DVD case is extremely important as it mainly highlights what genre a film is.  Here are a few examples that I thought were interesting and deserved a consideration - I decided to analyse the 5 films mentioned above [for the syllable theory]:

Test at top of cover
EXAMPLE 1: Cloverfield [2008]
Sans-serif ["a sans-serif typeface is one that does not have the small features called "serifs" at the end of strokes"]
Upper Case [always used at the beginning of a sentence - (as a sign of the start of a sentence after a full stop (.)]
[Title] White on a green background Green symbolises sickness/illness and possibly disease based on how you look at it - creature attacking lively city? - denotation by the director? - however it could also be a connotation] - futhermore the Statue of Liberty blends in with its background, creating a little contrast between the different saturation levels of green, nevertheless, because this famous landmark does not have any head, it elaborates the seriousness of the raid.



Text at top of cover

EXAMPLE 2: The Village [2004]
Serif ["a serif typeface is one that has the small features called "serifs" at the end of strokes"]
Upper Case [always used at the beginning of a sentence - (as a sign of the start of a sentence after a full stop (.)]
[Title] White/Yellow on a Black background Highly contrasting, prolonged serifs are similar looking to branches [as seen in the foreground] - sunlight trying to go through slits or holes - as they would go through a wooden shed/bungalow in an isolated village?
Eclipse around night - symbolises that what might shock the viewers, happens at night, the only time in the day that vision is limited and therefore when more attacks are commited on innocent people - stereotypical view on Thrillers?


Text at top of cover


EXAMPLE 3: Silent Hill [2006]
Serif ["a serif typeface is one that has the small features called "serifs" at the end of strokes"] Exaggerated serifs - exaggerated proceedings/storyline?
Upper Case [always used at the beginning of a sentence - (as a sign of the start of a sentence after a full stop (.)]
[Title] White text with red outline on a beige background [little girls forehead] White symbolises innocence and peace [← connotation, denotation?] and red symbolises danger, love (and passion).  Danger is portrayed when on their way to Silent Hill [the town] and once in the town, the little girl leaves, the mother is so worried, that she goes to look for her, her love is too big for ther daughter

Text at bottom of cover

EXAMPLE 4: The Happening [2008]
Sans-serif ["a sans-serif typeface is one that does not have the small features called "serifs" at the end of strokes"]
Upper Case [always used at the beginning of a sentence - (as a sign of the start of a sentence after a full stop (.)]
[Title] White on a blue and black background White symbolises innocence and peace.  In this case, the peace was in the city before "the more urgent dilemma hits the planet" and the innocence of this film would revolve around the people of the world or on the other hand, where it had started, in Central Park.  Blue symbolises how cold the city must have turned after the unexplicable event had happened [or the soul of the city, slowly dying - denotation of the director?]  And the black connotates the darkness of the consecutive events that have changed the world, or it could tell us, as an audience that everything that had happened, happened in the dark.
 
Text at bottom of cover
EXAMPLE 5: The Strangers [2008] 
Serif ["a serif typeface is one that has the small features called "serifs" at the end of strokes"] Exaggerated serifs - exaggerated proceedings/storyline?
Lower Case [always used after the upper case, usually formulates a word]
White on a light brown/black background White symbolises innocence and peace.  Innocence reprensents the status of the main characters, haven't done anything wrong, standing in the wrong area at the wrong time?  Man in background [standing in the corner] observing woman's movements - ready to attack? - (white mask and black clothing - hiding their figure and idendity?) - for a reason? - do they know who they are attacking - planned attack → revenge?  Normal setting in a house, unsual event, in house - not a safe place?

Successful Shoot

We have successfully filmed and are now planning on editing it using the MACs at school.  I believe Oliver is in charge of the editing process, with the assistance of myself and Harry. 

Thursday, 19 November 2009

Somerstown - Yet another film example

I have just come back from the Media Studies field trip to the Odeon Cinema in Guildford.  As a group, we went to enjoy the fairly new film called Somers Town.  This film was completed in 2008 and surprisingly took only a week to fully film and edit it. Shane Meadows was the director and Paul Fraser was the writer, as a team they put their ideas together, creating a film based on a young troubled teenager [Tomo - played by Thomas Turgoose (Known for This is England)] who has just moved from his home town in the midlands to the industrial part of London. 
After a few days on his own, he finally meets another teen his age, a Polish teen [Marek - played by Piotr Jagiello] and as he also finds himself lonely during the day (his only parent goes to work everyday - leaving him at home and in the streets), therefore a sudden connection or friendship is made.  They soon are fighting for the love of a french waitress working in a little coffee shop in town, she leaves them to go to Paris, her home town, without warning them. 

In the end, they decide to travel across the channel to surprise her.
"Somers Town" is one of the sweetest little films of any festival this year. Shane Meadows ("This Is England"), directing from a strikingly authentic Paul Fraser script, has crafted a winner with so much to like that it's hard to know where to begin.
Reference: Review from Larry-411 (from the USA)

Awards:
1 Won [London Critics Circle Film Awards] - Young British Performer of the Year [Thomas Turgoose]
4 Nominations [British Independent Film Awards] - 1. British Independent Film Award
                                                                     2. Best Actor [Thomas Turgoose]
                                                                       3. Best Director [Shane Meadows]
                                                   4. Best Screenplay [Paul Fraser]

Tuesday, 3 November 2009

Our [group] workforce includes..& a Thriller example

Oliver Rossetti, Harry Read Myself [Thomas Rivet].

A great group to work with indeed...

Oliver Rossetti is passionate and creative about his work and is great to work with, he takes our ideas on board and manipulates them with ease whilst at all times, concentrating on the task at hand.  He is serious, yet fun, a great combination!  And I am really glad that I have him in the group.


Harry Read, however, has got the camera man's eye, thus he can identify the best areas to frame in order to give an appropriate effect needed for the different types of genres.  He is also a friendly guy who would work his socks off to get the best achievable grades.
__________________________

We have chosen the Thriller genre.
We have done so because, it is  
a fast-moving, attention-seeking and fear-filling 
genre that teenagers [our target audience] love because of the adrenaline rush it can create. 

Here are a few Thriller conventions:
• Often take place wholly or partly in exotic settings such as foreign cities, deserts, polar regions, or high seas
• The heroes in most thrillers are frequently "hard men" accustomed to danger: law enforcement officers, spies, soldiers, seamen or aviators
• However, they may also be ordinary citizens drawn into danger by accident
• A thriller climaxes when the hero finally defeats the villain, saving his own life and often the lives of others
• An ominous or monstrous element has become common to heighten tension. The monster could be anything, even an inferior physical force made superior only by their intellect, a supernatural entity, aliens, serial killers, or even microbes or chemical agents

Sub-types of the Thriller genre:
Psychological thriller: In which (until the often violent resolution) the conflict between the main characters is mental and emotional, rather than physical. The Alfred Hitchcock films Suspicion, Shadow of a Doubt, and Strangers on a Train and David Lynch's bizarre and influential Blue Velvet are notable examples of the type
Drama thriller: In which the story consists of the elements of a thriller and drama film. These films are usually slower paced and involve a great deal of character development along with plot twists.
Disaster thriller: In which the main conflict is due to some sort of natural or artificial disaster, such as floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanoes, etc., or nuclear disasters as an artificial disaster.
Crime thriller: This particular genre is a hybrid type of both crime films and thrillers that offers a suspenseful account of a successful or failed crime or crimes. These films often focus on the criminal(s) rather than a policeman. Crime thrillers usually emphasize action over psychological aspects. Central topics of these films include murders, robberies, chases, shootouts, and double-crosses are central ingredients. Some examples include The Killing, Seven, The Godfather, Reservoir Dogs, Inside Man, and The Asphalt Jungle.

And these are only a few, there are many, many more...

Thriller Film Example - Cloverfield (2008)


Director: Matt Reeves
Writer: Drew Goddard


Plot Synopsis:
The plot revolves around a monster attack in New York, and was viewed from the point of a small group of young adults. This group of people were celebrating the new job acquired by the main character - Rob [Michael Stahl-David]. Moreover, he had an affair with another girl called Beth [Odette Yustman], whilst he was going out with Lily [Jessica Lucas], his girlfriend. He ends up insulting Beth, who then storms out. Rob's friend, Hud [T.J.Miller] was put in charge of the CamCorder. He was suppose to go around and ask Rob's friends to say a word about Rob's new job. But, he ends up trying to impress Marlena [Lizzy Caplan] instead.
As Rob tries to catch up with Beth, a huge long-legged metallic-looking monster starts attacking the Woolworth Center. Hud has this all on tape, although he is startled, he just resumes filming this unbelievable disaster on the city (see first convention - above). The small group all go downstairs, and outside to see what this "thing" is. They end up spreading out and running for their lives, as they realise, that this monster is real, and angry. The military quickly take action and try and stop it but it is too strong.
In the end, the military finds the tape and plays it back, and they realise that the monster was in the background of a usual event, where Rob was on a day out with Beth.  This, I believe, highlights that it was always there, unknown to the inhabitants...

Main Characters: 

Rob [Michael Stahl-David]
Marlena [Lizzy Caplan]

In this adventurous film, these characters are now drowning in fear, whilst at the same time rushing underground through the New York Metro, but they do not realise that it isnt safe down there, its actually more dangerous than over ground as they are trapped in complete darkness.  These characters seem to all have a bond, and I believe this is why most of them survive during and after the attack.  Their teamwork and will to live, gives them enough adrenaline to save themselves from death.  Of course, this isnt just a thriller, you could also associate it with the "Romance" genre aswell.  Rob, is planning where they should go next, but as always they will have to face obstacles on the way.  In this case, Rob is trying to find Beth.  The woman who was having an affair with him.  She ran out of the building, and since then, Rob has not seen her.  A little bit of suspense, don't you think?  He keeps telling his friends that he has to find her to reconfort her about the whole situation.  But, of course the situation is a little worse than this, Rob and his friends have to fight-off small creatures [the babies of the mother-monster] and climb an "atleast 50 story" [in my opinion] building flat in the centre of New York.  Where the mother-monster was originally.  She does move around but a few of its footsteps are equivalent to several minutes of driving, therefore, she is hard to catch up and destroy.


Rob [Michael Stahl-David], the main character of this Thriller has already worked in this type of genre.  He had a part in the American television series, "Numb3rs", which was released in 2005.  Although he only played in 1 episode, he could have used his experience from this television series for his main role in "Cloverfield".

Beth [Odette Yustman], one of the main characters also had experience in this genre, one year before this film was made, she played in the Action/Sci-Fi/Thriller film, "Transformers".  Her role was to be a socialite.  Even though this role doesnt include her in the action, she must have understood a little more about this genre.  Therefore, she would comprehend how to act to suit this part.


Lily [Jessica Lucas], was also one of the the most important roles in this Thriller genre film.  Jessica played as Ronnie Lake in 4 episodes of C.S.I. back in 2007.  One year before they started the making of "Cloverfield".  As her experience is fresh in her mind from her previous role as Ronnie, she could really enlighten all the other "amateur" actors who have smaller roles in this film.  Whilst learning more and more as she goes through with the filming of this Thriller.

Hud [T.J.Miller], is the only actor yet, that does not have any experience with this genre but I personally think he suited the part well.  With a huge amount of comedy acting experience, he really could develop a contrast between characters in this Thriller.  As previously said in the synopsis, although he was scared out of his mind, with the video camera in hand, he still pulled out a few jokes, like this one:
  
Hud: Okay, just to be clear here, our options are: die here, die in the tunnels, or die in the streets. That pretty much it?
Rob Hawkins: Yeah... that's pretty much it. 

 Marlena [Lizzy Caplan], a very talented actress has played in several other films but the one of the Thriller oriented television series she was in is called "Tru Calling", a Thriller series made back in 2003. She played in 4 of the episodes as Avery Bishop.  Like the other actor's and actress's, she used her Thriller knowledge and represented the best of her abilities in this well-known "Cloverfield" film.

Themes and Values:
From the cover of the DVD and posters I had seen, and the fact that this film is a Thriller, the themes and values that I would expect to see include:  destruction, survival, love, friendship [and many more sub-themes and values].

DESTRUCTION: 
As the DVD cover has a headless Statue of Liberty in its frontplan, the first thing that comes to mind is "theres been an attack here".  And if you look in the background, the skyscrapers and buildings on the island of Manhattan, are either being engulfed in fire or collapsing to the ground.  An artificial threat has caused this.  An extra-terrestrial being caused this, maybe?

SURVIVAL: 
This can only be said and explained if you read the brief summary or the synopsis of the story, but still.  I believe it is the most important theme of them all.  Thrillers usually have this.  This creates an "sitting-on-the-edge-of-your-seat" vibe.  Continuously making you feel safe but at the same time in danger.  A great feeling. And I personally think it represents the first step of audience fear.

LOVE:  
Once again, this can only be understood and explained if you read the summary or synopsis.  The story wanders around Rob looking for Beth.  He just wants to say "I love you" to her, and in oder to do this, he must fight until he finds her.  Here is a quote, that highlights my previous point: 

Rob Hawkins: Look at me! Look at me! Look at me. I love you!
Beth McIntyre: I love you!

FRIENDSHIP:
This group of friends were partying in the opening scene, congratulating Rob for getting promoted to a new job.  Staying together from the start to finish, I really believe that this is friendship.  Rob, helping his friends get through this with ease.  He is the one with the ambition, therefore, if he wants to get what he wants, Beth, he must "take the bull by the horns" and think ahead.  He's a natural leader [theme - leadership]. 

Locations: 
Most of the Thrillers I have watched, happen in deserted areas, ghost towns or derelict buildings.  But, this film defeats this, it is happening in a wide-open space, New York City.  Very unusual for this genre of film but if attacked by another lifeform, I don't think it really makes a difference.


Heres is a list of the locations in which this film was filmed in:
Bloomingdale's Department Store, Manhattan, New York City, New York, USA
Downey Studios - 12214 Lakewood Boulevard, Downey, California, USA (studio)
Los Angeles, California, USA
New York City, New York, USA
Paramount Studios - 5555 Melrose Avenue, Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, USA (studio)
San Pedro, Los Angeles, California, USA (subway station set)
Santa Clarita, California, USA
Warner Brothers Burbank Studios - 4000 Warner Boulevard, Burbank, California, USA (studio)
Westfield Santa Anita Shopping Center - 400 South Baldwin Avenue, Arcadia, California, USA

Monday, 2 November 2009

Warner Bros. [The Film Industry] and The Dark Knight [Example]

Warner Bros. [formal corporate name: Warner Brothers] is a producer of film and television entertainment.  It was first founded in 1918 by Jewish Immigrants from Poland.  Moreover, it is the third-oldest American movie studio in continuous operation, after Paramount Pictures, founded in 1912 as Famous Players, and Universal Studios, also founded in 1912. Some of its most notable actors include James Cagney, Humphrey Bogart, Doris Day and more recently, Clint Eastwood.

 Reknown for producing a hit-show like Friends, we are wondering what show might be created next!  Friends was such a great show and we are all sad that it had to come to an end, hopefully Warner Bros. will be making something fresh and enjoyable in the years to come.

I tried to find the website for Warner Bros. and I succeeded.  The website homepage is well-categorised into 7 categories, including Movies, Video Games and Television.  This could tell us a lot about how the company is doing, I believe it also demonstrates how organised and understanding the business is towards their fans.  The Warner Bros. homepage can be found at http://www.warnerbros.com/main/homepage.html .

To give you a greater idea of how "grand" this company is, here are a few impressive facts about the Warner Brothers studios and company:
- The company was founded by four brothers, Harry, Albert, Samuel, and Jack Warner, who were the sons of Benjamin Eichelbaum, an immigrant Polish cobbler and peddler
-  In 1972, Warner Communications and Columbia Pictures joined together to create and form a single facility called The Burbank Studios.
- Warner Bros. created the Looney Toons
- Movies produced by them include:  The Matrix, Harry Potter and Ocean 11
- The Studio was originally built on a plot of farmland in 1926
- Warner Bros. Studios maintains one of the largest collections of period and contemporary costumes for film, television, theater and commercial productions.
- Warner Bros. Studio Facilities has a total of 35 Sound Stages.
- There are two principal structures on the lot, Stage 16 and the Mill Building, and one exterior set, Midwest Street, stage 16 is the largest on the lot.

The Dark Knight [2008]
Director: Christopher Nolan [& Jonathan Nolan] (Screenplay)

Short summary: "Batman raises the stakes in his bourgeois war on crime. With the help of Lieutenant Jim Gordon and District Attorney Harvey Dent, Batman sets out to dismantle the remaining criminal organizations that plague the city streets. The partnership proves to be effective, but they soon find themselves prey to a reign of chaos unleashed by a rising criminal mastermind known to the terrified citizens of Gotham as The Joker."
[Summary taken from imdb.com]


[Click Image To Enlarge]

As an example of Warner Brothers' dedication, "The Dark Knight" was a big-hit in box office terms.  Warner Bros. have done well to advertise it further after its release on the 24th of July 2008.  The website for this film can be found in the "Movies" category on the homepage of Warner Bros.  After clicking the link to the website.  Your should see thedarkknight.warnerbros.com/dvdsite/ in the adress bar at the top of your screen.
The film's homepage should look like this:


 [Click Image To Enlarge]

As you can see the homepage perfectly suits the film with its perspective view of skyscrapers, moreover it is an interactive page, joker cards slowly fall down towards you, giving it a 3d look.  Very eye-catching indeed.
However, there is much more about this that I find fascinating; there is a "Menu" button that rises necessary text, like "About the DVD - Blu-Ray", "Cast and Crew" and "Photo Gallery".  I believe it is a great website for Batman fans or new "amateur" viewers that just want to know a bit more about the film.  This webpage does have 1 visible flaw; as it is interactive, it takes time to load, in which case, "low signal" computers will have trouble opening and closing this webpage.

To conclude, the Batman logo stands right in the centre bottom of the page, with the title of the film under it.  I personally love this webpage because of its interesting layout and "professional" vibe.

Tuesday, 20 October 2009

Connotation, Denotation and Signifiers [as well as preferred and oppositional reading] & a film example: Psycho (1960)

This lesson was all about, as said above, connotation, denotation and signifiers.

A connotation is - an implied of suggested idea (can also be a personal interpretation -        individual differences - and it could also mean what we are seeing).
e.g. rose → love OR rose → danger/passion [based on past memories of an individual]

However, a denotation is - an intended meaning evoked by the director for the audience (basic interpresation).
e.g. Knife → cutting vegetables/fruits etc
 
Death [possible weapon] - in gloomy, dark
"mise-en-scene" so audience knows what is
coming - only if knife has had a close up

Preferred reading - when the producers'/directors' connotation are seen through the audience's eye's
Oppositional reading -  connotations producer did not intend to make


e.g. McDonald's advert:  

Preferred Reading.: "I want one of those"


Oppositional reading.: "It looks fatty and unhealthy"

______________________________

Psycho (1960)


  
SIGNIFIERS:

1. The money in the enveloppe [great amount to fill enveloppe? Stolen money?]
2. Guilty about the money [second thoughts?]

3. Leaving with money [escape from problem?]

4. Villain wants money, tried to get it [character now in danger?]
5. Shower is an isolated place, no escape?


- The derelict house on the hill pathetic fallacy [bad environment-bad event to come]
- Music is repetitive until murder [change in rhythm and speed]

Saturday, 17 October 2009

Preliminary Task Evaluation

The USB
OUR PRELIMINARY TASK PIECE
This task was basically used to identify our present skills and interests. And wether we prefered being in front or behind the Video Camera.  Moreover, we had to prepare a storyboard to make the "making of" much easier.
  
Our filming techniques involved what we had learnt in the previous lessons.  For example: "Two shot", "Long shot" or "Close up".
However, we learnt many other techniques of which I did't know about until then.  Like "Match on Action", "Shot Reverse Shot" and the "180 Degree Rule Shot".

Our short clip was just about a man asking for his USB stick back in order to use it later.  The script wasn't written as we thought improvising would suit this task much better.
I thought we had done well as it was our first, and therefore "amateur" clip.

Tuesday, 13 October 2009

Camera Shot Types

To facilitate my learning, I listed all the camera shot types we have learnt in class below:

Extreme close-up (ECU) - this shows only part of the head, the area from the lips to the eyes, and is often used for highly emotional shots to increase dramatic effect


Medium close-up (MCU) - Close shot cutting just below the armpits


Close-up (CU) - used to show extreme detail or facial expressions. A character is framed from just beneath the shoulders with space left above the head. This shot is effective for showing an audience a character's emotions and reactions because it focuses their concentration on only one thing on the screen.


Medium [Long] shot (MS) - shows a character from the knees to waist or a full length seated figure. Most effective for showing the interplay between two characters and bridging the gap between a wide shot and a close up. [This shot can be adjusted to a medium long shot or a medium close up.]


Long shot (LS) - shows a character at a distance, spanning their whole height but leaving an area above and below them. This focuses the audience's attention on the character and their surroundings.


Other types:


Wide shot (WS) - used as the establishing shot as it is often included at the start of a scene to display the location where the action takes place [image to be added later]


Point of view (POV) shot [can also be associated to an over shoulder shot]- 
seen from the character's point of view


Two shot - a shot with two characters in it

 High Shot - shot used to make a character look "grand" or more powerful than the other characters in a film

Low Shot - opposite of the high shot, used to make a character look weaker or less valuable in a film [image to be added later]

Exterior (EXT) - outdoor shooting [image to be added later]


Interior (INT) - indoor shooting [image to be added later]

Wednesday, 30 September 2009

Memento - Introduction Review



Practice makes perfect, and on that note, reviewing the beginnings of Thriller films will enable me to understand how a director, like Christopher Nolan, attracts the audience by using certain effects that make the story a little bit more interesting.

In Christopher Nolan's film, Memento, the opening sequence includes a close up (cu) of a photo, and this photo seems to gradually fade until we see the man, take a out gun, and shoot another man, who seems to be a threat or an enemy towards the main character. Until then, we did not know that the sequence was in rewind mode. This visual effect really drags the audience into the story, and creates mystery and suspense.

Christopher Nolan incorporated great attention seeking effects like monochrome (aka B&W) to create a "flashback" shot. He also makes good use cinematography, sound effects (SFX), lighting, mise-en-scène.

Thriller conventions
  1. fast paced frames,
  2. "agitated" soundtracks, 
  3. blurred framing (creates confusion/diverted or altered point of view - of the victim), dark setting (pathetic fallacy?), 
  4. cob-webs (old, ancient, derelict building, not used for a long time - falling apart? - greater danger)

Opening Sequence of Memento - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z87iY8rPJF8

My group have chosen this genre because we believe we can create a heart-beating, mind-striking Thriller.

Wednesday, 16 September 2009

Media: The beginning.


Hello, and welcome to my riveting blog.

In this blog, I will be telling you about my progress in Media Studies. 

My first lesson in this class was very interesting, we learnt about all the the key terms [jargen]. 

A second went by and we learnt a bit more about the cinematography and "mise-en-scene". 

Here we go :]